Resource Center

Technician performing a safe shutdown of a solar PV system using AC and DC disconnects.
Safe Shutdown Procedures for PV Systems
Learn how to safely shut down a solar PV system using the correct shutdown sequence, including inverter shutdown, AC and DC disconnects, Rapid Shutdown activation, Lockout/Tagout, voltage verification, and PPE... Read more...
Battery energy storage system (ESS) installation illustrating NEC Article 706 electrical safety requirements.
NEC Article 706: Energy Storage Systems Explained
Learn the requirements of NEC Article 706 for Energy Storage Systems (ESS), including disconnects, overcurrent protection, wiring methods, equipment labeling, and electrical safety best practices for battery storage installations. Read more...
Technician servicing a battery energy storage system (BESS) using insulated tools and electrical PPE.
Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) Electrical Safety
Learn how to safely work around Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS), including high DC voltage, thermal runaway, arc flash, Lockout/Tagout procedures, PPE requirements, and electrical safety best practices for modern... Read more...
Technician applying lockout/tagout devices to solar PV electrical disconnects before maintenance.
Lockout/Tagout for Solar Installations
Lockout/Tagout for solar installations requires controlling AC, DC, battery, and stored energy sources. Learn the essential LOTO steps, common mistakes, PPE requirements, voltage verification practices, and safety standards that help... Read more...
Technician working on an energized solar PV electrical panel compared with an arc flash event, illustrating the differences between solar electric shock hazards and arc flash hazards, including PPE, safe work practices, and insulated tool use.
Solar Shock vs. Arc Flash Hazards
Electric shock and arc flash are two of the most significant hazards in solar PV systems. Learn how they differ, what causes them, and the PPE and safety practices that... Read more...
Solar technician working near photovoltaic panels and electrical equipment while identifying common solar electrical hazards.
Common Solar Electrical Hazards
Solar photovoltaic (PV) systems present unique electrical hazards that differ from conventional power systems. Learn about electrical shock, DC voltage, arc flash, energized conductors, battery storage, rooftop hazards, and the... Read more...
NEC Article 690 Explained
NEC Article 690 Explained
NEC Article 690 establishes the National Electrical Code requirements for solar photovoltaic (PV) systems. Learn how the Code addresses disconnecting means, rapid shutdown, overcurrent protection, grounding, labeling, wiring methods, and... Read more...
Why Solar Panels Remain Energized
Why Solar Panels Remain Energized
Discover why photovoltaic (PV) panels continue generating direct current (DC) electricity whenever exposed to light, even after disconnect switches are opened. Learn how energized solar systems create unique electrical hazards... Read more...
Understanding DC Voltage in Solar Systems
Understanding DC Voltage in Solar Systems
Learn how direct current (DC) voltage behaves in solar photovoltaic (PV) systems, why solar panels continuously generate electricity, and how understanding DC power improves electrical safety for installers, electricians, maintenance... Read more...
Illustration showing how a solar photovoltaic (PV) system generates electricity, including solar panels, combiner box, inverter, battery storage, utility grid connection, and power flow from sunlight to electrical loads.
Understanding How Solar PV Systems Work
Discover how solar photovoltaic (PV) systems convert sunlight into electricity. Learn the function of solar panels, inverters, combiner boxes, disconnects, battery storage, and grid connections while gaining the knowledge needed... Read more...
Solar technicians wearing electrical PPE while inspecting photovoltaic panels and energized solar equipment on a commercial solar installation.
Solar Energy Safety Fundamentals
Solar photovoltaic systems present unique electrical hazards that require specialized safety knowledge. Learn the fundamentals of solar electrical safety, including DC voltage hazards, OSHA requirements, PPE, insulated tools, Lockout/Tagout, and... Read more...
Electrical safety professional inspecting 1000V insulated tools, voltage testers, extension cords, and protective equipment for damage.
OSHA Electrical Safety Guide Part 5
Part 5 of our OSHA Electrical Safety Guide explains how to inspect, maintain, clean, store, test, and manage electrical tools and protective equipment. Learn how to identify damage, remove unsafe... Read more...